Discourse Network Analysis Dalam Pengendalian Rokok Di Banda Aceh

The regulatory framework for the Smoke-Free Area (KTR) policy in Banda Aceh is clearly defined, ranging from national laws and city bylaws (Qanun) to mayoral circulars. However, in practice, violations remain frequent, smoking rates stay high, and enforcement by authorities is relatively lax. This empirical qualitative study employs a Discourse Network Analysis (DNA) approach. Its novelty lies in the visualization method: the author manually compiled and categorized actors and ideas using Microsoft Excel, bypassing specialized DNA software. The resulting data matrix was then visualized as a network diagram with the assistance of Gemini AI. Gemini AI served solely to convert tabular data into a readable visual schematic, while the analysis, determination of actor stances, and interpretation of results were conducted entirely by the researcher. Data were gathered through interviews, observations across ten actor groups, official documents, and media reports. The network visualization revealed three primary discourse groups in Banda Aceh: (1) the Health and Sharia Coalition (Health Agency and the Ulema Consultative Council/MPU), supporting restrictions for health and religious reasons; (2) the Grassroots Economy Coalition (coffee shop owners and cigarette vendors), opposing strict limits to ensure business viability; and (3) the City Government and City Council (DPRK), which remain ambivalent, caught between health regulations and regional revenue needs. The study also identified a weak role for NGOs due to issues surrounding foreign funding and minimal inclusion of women's voices in KTR policy discussions. Consequently, the Banda Aceh City Government needs to facilitate multi-stakeholder dialogue, provide designated smoking areas in coffee shops, and strengthen public education efforts.