Efektivitas Penerapan Qanun Hukum Jinayat dalam Penegakan Hukum Kasus Pemerkosaan di Aceh (Studi Kasus di Kecamatan Baiturrahman Kota Banda Aceh)

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the implementation of Aceh Qanun Number 6 of 2014 on Jinayat Law in handling rape cases in Aceh, focusing on a case study in Baiturrahman Sub-district, Banda Aceh City. As a region that formally implements Islamic law, Aceh has a distinctive legal framework to address rape, which is normatively designed to provide legal protection for victims and to ensure the realization of justice. However, the effectiveness of the Jinayat Qanun in actual law enforcement practices still requires comprehensive and critical evaluation. This study employs an empirical juridical method with a qualitative approach. The data were obtained through a literature review of relevant legislation and legal scholarship, as well as field research conducted through interviews with Wilāyatul Ḥisbah officers and other relevant stakeholders. Data analysis was carried out using a descriptive-analytical method by examining the conformity between normative legal provisions and empirical social realities in the handling of rape cases. The findings reveal that although the Jinayat Qanun has clearly regulated procedures for case handling, institutional authority, evidentiary mechanisms, and criminal sanctions, its implementation in Baiturrahman Sub-district remains suboptimal. This condition is influenced by low reporting rates due to social stigma, limited institutional capacity and resources, and the persistence of local cultural values that discourage disclosure. Therefore, this study emphasizes the importance of understanding legal effectiveness from a sociological perspective, focusing on strengthening victim protection, institutional capacity, and legal culture.